It has been shown that the SDF-1α level in MM is elevated and this elevation contributes to activating several signaling pathways and induces mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase1/2, AKT phosphorylation, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and NF-κB in MM cell lines and patient samples [24,25]. The gene discussed is CXCL12; the disease is Miyoshi myopathy.