This includes pattern recognition receptors (absent in the melanoma [AIM-2] receptor and Toll-like receptor [TLR] 9), cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGas), the DNA-dependent activator of IFN-regulatory factors (DAI), DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), IFN-γ inducible protein 16 (IFI16), the stimulator of interferon genes (STING), and RNA polymerase III, which converts poly(dA:dT) to poly(A:U)-rich dsRNA, which, in turn, serves as a RIG-like receptor agonist. Here, CGAS is linked to melanoma.