The NAFLD model diet led to a significant increase in serum LPS content, which in turn led to upregulated expression levels of TLR4 receptor, IKK-β, IκB-α, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6, and other inflammatory cytokines, which were significantly alleviated by B. lactis SF intervention. Here, NFKB1 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.