SHP1 dephosphorylates the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) [10], extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) [11], protein kinase B (Akt) [12], and other signaling components [13,14,15,16], thereby contributing to a decrease in cancer cell proliferation and survival. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and cancer.