TNF and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Finally, cytokine levels were also similar between NAFLD patients who tested negative for SIBO and those found to be positive for SIBO (8.39 ± 0.56 vs. 8.92 ± 1.12, p = 0.799; 11.66 ± 5.55 vs. 6.36 ± 1.48, p = 0.195; and 3.12 ± 0.02 vs. 3.18 ± 0.40, p = 0.439 for TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6, respectively).