A variety of stresses, including bacterial infection, activate one or more of four stress response kinases; Protein Kinase R (PKR), Protein Kinase R such as ER Kinase (PERK), General Control Nondepressible 2 (GCN2), and Heme Regulated Inhibitor (HRI) (kinases reviewed by Donnelley et al. [19]; bacteria and kinases reviewed in Knowles et al. [20]). The gene discussed is EIF2AK1; the disease is bacterial infectious disease.