AR and prostate carcinoma: Atraric acid 2 has been previously reported as a metabolite in lichen fungi [22], and it has been reported that 2 can exhibit anti-cancer activity against prostate cancer, act as an antagonist of androgen receptors [35], and possesses antioxidant and antimicrobial [36] activities against Gram (+) microorganisms, Candida dubliniensis, and Candida krusei.