SMAD7 and renal fibrosis: In conclusion, our finding showed that cardiac and renal fibrosis, two complications involved in diabetes, can be attenuated by SeNP and/or BV administration through several biochemical and molecular pathways involving down-regulation of several genes involved in TGF-β1 signaling pathways as well as up-regulation of SMAD-7 expression, which has an inhibitory effect for renal fibrosis.