MAPT and Alzheimer disease: In addition, a recent study of Alzheimer’s disease using a mouse model has demonstrated that noise exposure induced midlife persistent synaptic and morphological alterations in the auditory cortex associated with earlier hippocampal dysfunction, indicating anticipated memory deficits compared to the expected time-course of the neurodegeneration, as well as signs of molecular damage, including increased tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and redox imbalance [20].