TNF and cancer: In contrast, a recent large RCT comparing the safety of tofacitinib and anti-TNF in patients with RA > 50 years of age and with at least one additional cardiovascular risk factor reported a higher incidence of overall cancer (excluding NMSC) with tofacitinib than with anti-TNFs therapy (HR 1.48; 95% CI: 1.04–2.09), particularly lung cancer and lymphoma [98].