ALB and hepatocellular carcinoma: Pons et al. found that patients with LSM ≥ 20 kPa at follow-up and those with LSM 10–20 kPa and albumin levels < 4.4 g/dL made up the high-risk group for HCC development (HCC incidence rate ≥ 1.9/100 patient-years) who needed surveillance [24].