The B7 immune checkpoint superfamily includes B7-1 (CD80), B7-2 (CD86), B7-H1 (PD-L1, CD274), PD-L2 (PDCD1LG2), B7-H3 (CD276), B7-H4 (B7-x, VTCN1), and the inducible costimulator ligand (L-ICOS, CD275), which act as ligands on the surface of tumor cells or antigen-presenting cells [3,4]. The gene discussed is VTCN1; the disease is neoplasm.