GPNMB and Alzheimer disease: For instance, 13 switch genes, GPNMB, TH, CD59, COL4A1, ZBTB16, TSPAN15, DMD, LEF1, GPR3, UBE2V1, DPP10, NECTIN2, LGALS3BP, CDKN1A, SERPINA1, and DMP1 were linked to AD, PD, FTD, PD dementia, Creutzfeldt Jakob disease, and LBD (Table 1).