NANOG and breast carcinoma: Hypoxia, through hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), is known to induce a human Embryonic SC (hESC)-like transcriptional program, including the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) inducers OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, KLF4, and cMYC, in various cancer cell lines, including breast cancer [8].