Recent discoveries related to a completely new way of regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis through the independent action of EGFR in the nucleus of numerous tumors, such as ovarian, breast, oropharyngeal, laryngeal, and esophageal carcinoma, have been the basis for studying premalignant and malignant changes in the oral cavity, where the role of this receptor had not been previously elucidated [8,11,12,13,14,15,16]. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is carcinoma of esophagus.