Meggendorfer M et al. evaluated 38 patients who were investigated at the moment of diagnosis of MDS and later at their progression to AML and observed an FLT3 mutation only in cases with leukemic transformation (16% with FLT3-ITD and 8% FLT3-TDK mutations, respectively) [23]. The gene discussed is FLT3; the disease is myelodysplastic syndrome.