From these various reviews, the risk factors for BPH include (a) age [60,65,66,69], (b) smoking (vaping) [69], (c) obesity/overweight [69,72], (d) ↑ insulin [34,52,53,57,61,69], (e) ↑ lipids [61,69,72], (f) diabetes [33,35,69], (g) hypertension [53,69], and (h) depression [69]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.