PPARA and metabolic syndrome: Figure 8 shows that MetS is associated with an increase in cardiac apoptosis when compared to the Ct group. This increase was higher when hearts were subjected to I/R conditions. The 7-day pre-treatment with clofibrate reverted this effect. Our data are in accordance with previous studies that showed the association of apoptosis and heart failure and the anti-apoptotic role of PPARα agonists [16,17,39].