CXCL9 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Indeed, four out of nine chemokines (CXCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11) were significantly elevated in sera of patients with early HCC compared to cirrhotic patients (median CXCL5 ng/mL = 191 (82–1156) vs. 88 (6–1032), p < 0.001; CXCL9 ng/mL = 359 (88–2325) vs. 165 (29–3782), p < 0.001; CXCL10 ng/mL = 295 (139–999) vs. 116 (19–1493), p < 0.001; CXCL11 ng/mL = 26 (2–79) vs. 17 (4–120), p = 0.044).