Downregulation of DEFB1 gene expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma correlates with worse prognosis, and according to a gene set enrichment analysis, its anti-tumor activity is associated with pathways impacting extracellular matrix remodeling, receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)/ phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, keratinization and cytokine signaling [120]. This evidence concerns the gene DEFB1 and oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.