MAPK8 and neoplasm: The growth of tumors related to excessive ROS levels has been found to be associated with the activation of pro-oncogenic signaling pathways, including activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK), cyclin D1 expression, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways, which are all linked to tumor cell activation [87].