BRAF and neoplasm: Mutations of the oncogenes BRAF (v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1) NRAS (neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) and KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene) are among the most common genetic alterations in skin melanoma, leading to increased signaling activity of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and thereby promoting tumor growth and disease progression [4,5,6].