In a recent analysis to explore biomarkers of the CheckMate 040 trial, high PD-L1 expression on tumor cells was associated with improved survival (mOS 28.1 months [95% CI 18.2–n.a.] for patients with PD-L1 ≥ 1% versus 16.6 months [95% CI 14.2–20.2] for patients with PD-L1 < 1%; p = 0.032), and high PD-1 expression in tumors was associated with an improved ORR (p = 0.05). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and neoplasm.