Deregulation of mTOR activity (PI3K amplification/mutation, PTEN loss of function, AKT overexpression, and S6K1, 4EBP1, and eIF4E overexpression) is observed in many types of neoplasms in humans, particularly in melanoma, and has significant effects on the progression of the disease [4,41]. The gene discussed is PIK3CA; the disease is melanoma.