Moreover, recent studies have reported an increased incidence of MDS and AML after the administration of targeted treatment with the poly (adenosine diphosphate [ADP]–ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors olaparib, niraparib, and rucaparib for metastatic or recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer, particularly in women with germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 (mBRCA) genes [17]. This evidence concerns the gene BRCA1 and acute myeloid leukemia.