In 2013, Donnelly et al. confirmed that C9orf72 ALS iPSCs exhibited toxic RNA foci and repeat-associated non-ATG (RAN) translation pathology; C9orf72 ALS iPSC neurons were highly susceptible to glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity [54]. The gene discussed is C9orf72; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.