Using a sequencing panel to evaluate the burden of rare variants in 56 putative dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)-associated genes in 1040 patients with DCM and 912 healthy controls, Mazzarotto et al. found that truncating variants in TTN and DSP were associated with DCM in all comparisons, whereas variants in MYH7, LMNA, BAG3, TNNT2, TNNC1, PLN, ACTC1, NEXN, TPM1, and VCL were significantly enriched in specific patient subsets, which for BAG3 included a diagnostic referral DCM cohort but not a primary care outpatient clinic cohort [92]. This evidence concerns the gene PLN and familial dilated cardiomyopathy.