In the presence of its autoantibody (TRAb), the activation of signaling cascades is stimulated, simulating the effect of constant TSH stimulation on the thyroid, which clinically results in hyperthyroidism, although biologically, there are other types of stimuli for TSHR activation (for example, through the autonomous activation of the TSHR (induced by somatic or germline mutations in the TSHR gene) and thyrostimulin) [159,160]. The gene discussed is TSHR; the disease is hyperthyroidism.