Although the effects of Bag-1, Bag-1-HSP70, and Bag-1-Raf-1 in various cells and tissues have been widely reported, the effects of Bag-1 on IVD cells, including NP and AF cells, and whether a relationship exists between Bag-1, HSP70, and Raf-1 in IVD cells is unclear. This evidence concerns the gene RAF1 and atrial fibrillation.