As both IL-6 [14,16,17] and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) [17] are increased in T2D, we utilised the hyper IL-6 fusion protein (IL-6 and sIL-6R), which resembles the pathogenic IL-6 mediated effects in T2D. The gene discussed is IL6R; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.