The PDGFC/PDGFR complex can trigger downstream signal transduction pathways including extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT, inducing tumor progression, angiogenesis, and survival in a variety of tumor cells [15,16]. The gene discussed is MAPK3; the disease is neoplasm.