CXCL8 and pancreatitis: Serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukins, such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8), were significantly higher in severe pancreatitis compared with mild pancreatitis [27,28].