In a recent retrospective study, exploring the frequency of dementia diagnosis in patients over the age of 45 with LGI, NMDAR, CASPR2 and GABABR encephalitis, 67/175 (38%) were found to satisfy the 2011 NINCDS-ADRDA criteria for dementia and in 33 (52%) a neurodegenerative disorder was suspected [61]. The gene discussed is CNTNAP2; the disease is dementia.