Nevertheless, some clinical trials have been performed, particularly using the CaM antagonist trifluoperazine in combination with the anti-tumor DNA-binding agents bleomycin and doxorubicin to treat cancer patients, showing some potentiation of the chemotherapeutic agents used, but some toxic effects were also detected, although the authors emphasized that the treatment was well tolerated [45,46,47,48]. This evidence concerns the gene CALM1 and neoplasm.