However, it is also noteworthy that the effects of complete albumin deficiency might include elevation of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) above the reference range; it is difficult to assess the magnitude of this effect, as typically in case reports patients are not directly compared to appropriate control subjects, and they are instead compared to reference ranges for each analyte. This evidence concerns the gene ALB and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4.