The irradiation with 0.1 or 1 Gy 56Fe (147 keV/μm) was shown to increase Aβ plaque pathology in an APP/PS1 mouse model of AD expressing human transgenes for amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilin-1; both mutations are under the control of the Thy1 promoter [203]. The gene discussed is APP; the disease is Alzheimer disease.