Similarly, another study showed that administering a novel EPS produced by L. paracasei IJH-SONE68 led to reduced macrophage inflammatory protein 2 mRNA levels, and the increased expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-10 (IL-10) in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC model mice [42] (Figure 1). These results suggest that EPS should be further examined for application in new treatments for IBD in the future, and Lactobacillus would be among one of the best choices for EPS production. The gene discussed is IL10; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.