PPIB and infectious disease: Age (p = 0.003), LOS > 14 days (p = 0.004), admission with infectious disease (p = 0.015), admission to critical care area (p = 0.002), exposure to invasive procedures (p < 0.001), HAIs (p = 0.043), and previous exposure to β-lactam/β-lactamase, were collectively significant contributors to crude mortality.