In addition, in Norway, Retterstøl et al. diagnosed 2 female patients with primary HTG and a history of recurrent AP who had a homozygous mutation in exons 3 and 4 of the GPIHBP1 gene, and Lin et al. found a homozygous mutation in the same gene in a patient with a history of recurrent AP without mutations in the APOA5 gene [18, 36]. This evidence concerns the gene APOA5 and alkaline phosphatase measurement.