GSTM1 and thalassemia: The key diagnostic parameters routinely used for β- and α-thalassemia are ferritin and hemoglobin analysis (HbA2 and Hb abnormality) in addition to DNA analysis; however, several simple screening indices are highly recommended in endemic areas to differentiate between IDA and thalassemia traits, and recently these were encouraged along with other potentially better performing indices [21].