PTPN11 and Noonan syndrome: Germline variants in PTPN11, e.g., missense variants or copy number variations (CNV), or other RAS-/MAP-Kinase signaling pathway genes including SHOC2, CBL, KRAS, are known to cause an autosomal dominant multisystem disorder—the Noonan syndrome—characterized by several non-central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including cardiovascular abnormalities, lymphatic abnormalities, and growth hormone deficiencies [10, 27, 30, 32].