When we compared chromatin accessibility patterns between tumor cells and normal PT cells, we uncovered many tumor-cell-specific TFs beyond the well-known TF – HIF1A: MXI1, KLF9, RBPJ, and NFKB1/2 have been previously implicated in renal cancer tumorigenesis107–112; and HSF2 and SREBF2 were linked to renal tubular cell injury113,114. Here, NFKB1 is linked to renal carcinoma.