CD8A and neoplasm: Although all eight parameters for TNM stage, immune, CSCs, and TB, including TNM stage, CD8+ T cells, CD133+ CSCs, TB, CD8+ T cell/CD133+ CSC, CD8+ T cell/TB, TB-adjacent CD8+ T cell, and CD133+ CSC-adjacent CD8+ T cell indices had independent prognostic significance, the complex interplay involved in tumor progression prevented any one of these factors from providing an accurate prediction of survival in patients with PDAC.