GNAS and cancer: Of those, nine are known TCGA gastric cancer drivers (APC, CDH1, CTNNB1, ERRB2, KRAS, RNF43, ARID1A, and TP53 in MSS tumors, and ZBTB20 in MSI tumors), eight have been identified as gastric cancer drivers in non-TCGA studies (MUC16, DLC1, MMP9, FASN, LAMA5, EGFR, BRCA2, and FGFR2), 14 have been identified as drivers for other cancer types by TCGA (ATAD2, ATR, CSDE1, CSMD3, ELF3, ERBB4, KLF5, TRPA1, TSHZ2, and PLCG1) and non-TCGA studies (GNAS, MYC, SYNE1, and TG), and eight have not been previously identified as gastric cancer drivers (EYS, FAT4, FSIP2, PCDHA1, RAD50, RECQL4, RTEL1, and WRN).