Recently, studies also identified the Atrogin-1 gene as a new player in familial dilatative cardiomyopathy (Al-Yacoub et al., 2016) and described its mechanistic interaction with the endoplasmatic reticulum-stress apoptosis protein called CHOP (C/EBP homologous protein) (Al-Yacoub et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene DDIT3 and familial dilated cardiomyopathy.