MAPK8 and congenital rubella syndrome: To validate our findings, Western blotting analysis showed that the phosphorylation level of ERK/p38/JNK molecules was increased in the hippocampus of CRS-treated mice relative to the control group; however, chronic sCT treatment could only reverse the phosphorylation status of p38/JNK in the hippocampus of CRS-treated mice (Figure 4).