CD8A and hepatocellular carcinoma: In a pilot study of 12 BCLC stage C patients with metastatic HCC that did not respond to sorafenib treatment, Duffy and colleagues revealed that treatment with RFA and chemoablation therapy combined with tremelimumab led to favorable objective treatment responses, with median TTP (time to progression) of 7.4 months and median OS of 10.1 months (91), as well as a decreased volume of and increased active CD8+ cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) infiltration into distant lesions.