In contrast, while splenomegaly was not affected (data not shown), the gene deletion significantly mitigated several hallmarks of lupus disease in male B6/lpr mice, including reduced proteinuria levels (Figure 1A), decreased circulatory levels of anti-dsDNA antibodies (Figure 1B), and reduced deposition of IgG and complement C3 in renal compartments (Figures 1C, D), indicating sex-specific effects of NLRP12 in modulating lupus pathogenesis. Here, C3 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.