Treating the LNCaP cells with enzalutamide over the long term, exerting floating sphere formation, not only promotes the expression of stem cell markers, such as CD133 and ALDH1A1, but also modulates the transcriptional signature in prostate cancer cells for the acquisition of the stem cell phenotype by up-regulating Nanog and OCT4 (70). The gene discussed is POU5F1; the disease is prostate carcinoma.