sEVs have much higher CYPA levels than plasma and are novel and promising biomarkers for NPC, with an AUC value of 0.844; combining CYPA protein analysis with EBV-VCA-IgA antibody assays can significantly improve the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal cancer (Yang et al., 2014; Liu et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene PPIA and nasopharyngeal carcinoma.